通信工程文献翻译——摘要：本文研究的是在农村大普适的医疗报警系统。利用ZigBee的特点，用户可以在他们习惯的生活环境自由的移动，同时享受持续的保护。由此产生的系统具有成本效益高，易于部署（无需布线需要）的特点，并且移动设备的电池仅可持续几个月。当与老人或残疾人一起工作时，用户工作界面是一个关键问题。为了确保适当的可用性和避免设备的抛弃，与用户终端相匹配的报经检测系统已经开发出来了。该应用方案被用于西班牙福塔内特的孤立村庄里，在那里，系统的自可持续性是至关重要的。在这种环境下，报警的管理靠用户的亲戚或邻居来解决出现的任何问题。由于这种系统有可能侵入用户隐私，隐私和道德的双边问题也已经得到了解决，有认知障碍的用户也可以对其进行强制性的操作。

1 引言

在发达国家，人口老龄化是一个严重的问题。在老人中，跌打损伤是他们的一个主要担忧，也是他们亲属所关心的问题。有些学者估计，每年75岁以上老人跌倒损伤的发生率至少为30% [1]。最终，关注跌倒转化在紧急情况下劝阻老人不要呆在家里是否会给他们提供有利帮助的问题[2]。然而，老人们通常提出回到家里休息，但这常常对他们的健康和个人生活质量带来负面影响，从而导致个人消费上涨，增加了他们家庭或社会福利的负担。

幸运的是，许多延长老人们在家里的时间的倡议正在进行。我们预计许多跌倒检测系统会有进一步的发展，他们能够为需要的人提供快速的帮助，即使当他们不能为自己请求帮助（例如，问题是非固定的或非意识的）。此外，这些系统和远程医疗相结合，使诊断在更密切地监测和各种专家的合作在作出[3].。这些系统大部分集中分布在单位和小家庭，在那居民的日常生活环境受制约。将这些系统移植到其他地区，如技术不够先进的农村，会面临重大困难，例如，通信基础设施的发展，降低移动设备成本、电池寿命长和易于部署的问题。

我们在本文中展示的系统是用来开来解决老人呆在家里的问题的，他们生活在福塔内特，特鲁埃尔（西班牙）的一个小村庄，从最近的城市乘1小时计程车可以到。表1显示的是，大批长者居住的村：34％是65岁以上年龄（这个数字是因为人口老龄化的......

Abstract: An alarm system suitable for pervasive healthcare in rural areas is presented. Taking advantage of ZigBee features, users can move freely around their habitual environment while enjoying constant protection. The resulting system is cost-effective, easily deployed (no wiring is needed) and the mobile device’s batteries last for months. The user interface is a key issue when working with the elderly and those with disabilities. To ensure proper usability and avoid abandoning of the device, an alarm-detection procedure has been developed and contrasted with end-users. The application scenario is the isolated village of Fortanete, Spain, where the selfsustainability of the system is essential. In this environment, management of the alarm relies upon the user’s relatives and neighbours to solve any problems that arise. Privacy and ethical considerations have also been addressed, as this kind of system can potentially invade the users’privacy; cognitive disabilities of the users also make it mandatory.

1 Introduction

The aging population is a well known problem in developed countries. Among the elderly, injuries from falls are one of their major fears, and it’s also a concern for their relatives.

Some authors estimate the incidence of falls for people aged over 75 to be at least 30% per year [1]. Ultimately, concerns about falls and whether help will be available in the case of an emergency dissuade the elderly from living at home [2].

As a result, the elderly commonly decide to move to rest homes, which frequently have a negative effect on their health and subjective quality of life, resulting in high costs to the individual, their family and/or the social welfare system.

Fortunately, many initiatives are underway to prolong the time that people can live at home. We anticipate further development of many fall-detection systems that enable those in need to receive assistance quickly, even when they are not able to request assistance themselves (e.g.when the subject is immobilised or unconscious).

Moreover, the combination of these systems with telemedicine enables a closer monitoring and collaboration of various experts in making diagnoses [3]. Most of these......