自动控制文献翻译——1、介绍

正如我们所知，调度集中控制也即CTC，最早是由美国通用信号公司研制的。它在1927年首次被安装在从斯坦利到俄亥俄州的伯威克，在一条长为40英里的纽约中心铁路上。

调度集中控制系统由连续的联锁组成，由一个单控制台控制。自动区间信号通常是由调停轨道提供。这样一个系统可以适应任何一个现存的信号设备，可以用在单一的或复式的轨道。在控制室中的控制台，可以邻近或远离设备，提供触发所期望的控制方式，同时显示表示信号这些表示信号给操作员提供列车运行情况和轨道情况。重要的道岔和渡线是电动的，用来加速列车运行，进出侧线、交汇点等。

2、CTC操作基础

对一个实际CTC电路的详细描述所占的篇幅可能比书中介绍的性质还要多。我们在这里描述的是操作的基本原理。对一个特定系统的细节，涉及到GRS的知识产权。

3、编码系统的实现

通常有不同的方式用来补充技术概念，如编码通信，这对CTC编码也一样。自从发明CTC后，通用信号公司已经开发了许多编码系统。这些发明反映了通信技术的变化，同时也反映了现场容量的扩充性铁路的需要，控制数目和表示功能，操作速度和通信工厂特殊型号的兼容性等，专用线缆，电话电路，微波等等。

CTC编码系统是通信科学的特殊应用，是发展最快的先进技术领域之一。人们期望GRS编码系统能够应用更多的这些先进技术，以便更加完善。由于它的发展，分类性将在GRS中得到应用......

1. Introduction

Centralized Traffic Control or CTC as it is generally known, is an original development of the General Railway Signal Company. It was first installed in 1927 from Stanley to Berwick, O-hio, a distance of 40 miles, on what was then the New York Central Railroad.

A centralized traffic control system is made up of a succession of interlocking, all controlled from a single console. Automatic block signals are usually provided on the intervening trackage. Such a system may be adapted to any existing signal installation and may be applied to single or multiple track. The control console, located in an office within, adjacent to, or remote from the installation, provides means for initiating the desired controls and for displaying the indications which keep the operator informed of train movements and track conditions. Important switches and crossovers are power operated to expedite the movement of trains into and out of sidings, junctions, etc.

2. Elements of CTC Operation

Detailed description of an actual CTC circuit would take far more space than is available in a book of this nature. What are described here are elementary principles of operation. For details of a particular system, refer to the appropriate GRS publication.

3. Implementation of Coding Systems

There are usually a variety of implementing a technical concept such as coded communication, and this is true of CTC coding. GRS has developed a number of coding systems since introducing CTC. These have reflected changes in communication technology, and also have reflected expanding railroad requirements for field location capacity, number of control and indication functions, speed of operation, and adaptability to specific types of communication plant, e.g., dedicated wire line, telephone circuit, microwave, etc.

Coding systems ......