自动控制文献翻译——1 简介

无线射频识别（RFID）是一种识别技术。与RFID技术的前身——条码技术相比，RFID技术具有很多的优点。但由于其成本高，RFID技术至今未能广泛应用到各行各业。RFID技术因其无需视线扫描而具有无可比拟的先进性，它能够降低劳动力水平，提高知名度并改善库存管理。

RFID技术的普及提供了一项人或物体定位及追踪的解决方案。RFID定位与跟踪系统根据独特的识别标签、阅读器与物体标签间射频通信的信号强度确定物体的空间位置，主要适用于室内，而GPS系统是不适合应用于室内的。

RFID技术是一项基于“无线电频率”的非接触式的自动识别技术，自动识别静态或动态的人和对象。 RFID标签是一个特殊的微芯片，植入商品中，可以跟踪和管理物理对象，是物流管理信息化和跟踪信息化的重要手段。

2 目前RFID技术的研究重点  

由于RFID技术日趋成熟且RFID标签价格下降，RFID越来越受到工业界和学术界的关注。通过在物品上贴射频标签，我们就可以跟踪和管理这些对象。这项技术会逐渐取代目前的广泛采用的条码系统。

2.1 RFID标签与条码

条码技术广泛采用于商品和对象的识别。我们能够在超市的任何包装产品上找到条码。Zebra公司是领先的条码供应商之一，它为全世界超过一百个国家提供专业数码印刷及自动识别解决方案。二十年前，该公司主要生产标准标签。如今，Zebra 开展RFID业务。从应用角度来看，尤其是在零售业方面，条码和RFID有着相似的市场应用点。

从概念的角度来看，RFID标签和条码标签也有相似之处。通过提供一种易于识别的取货码，管理便利店商品。两者之间的主要差别是条码技术采用只读方式且必须在阅读器规定的线路上读取。与条码相比，RFID通过无线电传输数据且能够改变存储在RFID标签上的数据。这种远距离的......

1 Introduction

Radio frequency identification (RFID) is a new identification technology. RFID has a greater number of benefits than its predecessor, the bar code. It is not universally adopted in many industries due to its high cost hitherto. However, RFID is unmatched advanced because it does not require sight scanning, it acts to reduce labor levels, enhances" visibility, and improves inventory management.

The popularization of RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) provides a solution of the location and tracing of human or objects. RFID location and tracing system, measures the space location of object based on unique identification tag and signal intensity of communication between reader and tag in object, mainly apply to indoor location, which GPS system is not suitable for indoor. 

RFID, a non-contact automatic identification technology based on “Radio Frequency”, automatically identify static or moving object and human. RFID tag, a special microchip, implanted in commodity, can trace and manage physical object, is an important means of logistics management information and tracking information technology.

2 Current Research Focuses of RFID

With the growing maturity of RFID technology and the drop in price of RFID tags, RFID attracts increasing interests from both industry and academic. By attaching RFID tags on objects, one could keep track on and manage those objects. This technology gradually replaces current widely adopted barcode systems．

2. 1.RFID Tag and Bar code

Bar code is widely adopted for goods and object identification. One could find bar code on every packaged item in supermarkets. Zebra Company is one of the leading bar code providers and provides on-demand specialty digital printing and automatic identification solutions in more than 100 countries around the world. About ......