通信工程文献翻译——电子时钟在很多方面都优于先前的机械时钟，因此，制造商们努力试图找到不仅在工业领域，而且在生活领域使用电子钟的可能性。

其中一个实验是在莫斯科的一个叫“étalon”的实验室做的，就是这篇文章的作者用一个发声器和一个数字指示器发明了一个电子晶体闹钟。

这个完成后的钟在外形上就像一个台式的光面木头箱子。前面一面是搪瓷的，为了方便阅读时钟是倾斜的。这个时钟包含的功能部件是在印刷电路上通过电子链接器耦合的。控制位在前后两板面，并且提供适当的铭文题刻。

它工作的原理包括通过给石英晶体振荡器分频来获得高稳定的重复周期为60秒的脉冲。在必要的时候可以用开关来控制，一个低频功放被自动连接，这个时钟可以从“莫斯科之夜”中提取旋律。

用相同的开关来设置时钟通过广播传输的精确的时间信号的第一次读取。

这个时钟由以下功能部件和元素构成：一个主晶体振荡器，用来传输重复周期为30微秒的高稳定脉冲；分频单元用来产生周期为60秒的脉冲；一个自动单元用来控制蜂鸣和初始时间设置的操作；一个含有四进制和相同进制的有数字灯IN-8-2的解码器的计数单元；蜂鸣单元由低频功放，二极管和提取的旋律编码矩阵组成，还有一个供应所有时钟单元所需能源的电源组。

石英晶体振荡器位于一个单独的内存为90×65的印刷电路板上，为了提高它的稳定性，它被放置在一个可控恒温箱里。

这个电路包括一个多谐振荡器和它的可以设置时间的发射机电路，还有一个石英晶体谐振器和一个电容并联。这个电路可以用来同时解决几个问题：可以获得具有较大占空比的脉冲；可以划分为三种不同的情况下使用主多谐振荡器；可以采用非线性原理为石英晶体谐振器做频率补偿；可以用来消除电路的脉冲波形的跳变。

晶体振荡器在温度为10℃到30℃的稳定温度范围为±2·10-6。

分频器安装在五块大小为90×65毫米的电路印刷板上。三块电路板携带有发射机耦合的驱动多谐振荡器。五个分隔器中有一个五分之一和一个四分之一分隔器。分隔电路提供高.......

Electronic clocks are in many respects superior to their mechanical and electrical predecessors and, therefore,manufacturers are striving to find the possibility of using digital mechanisms not only in industry, but also in domestic life.

One of these attempts was made at the Moscow experimental plant ”Etalon”where the authors of this article developed an electronic crystal alarm clock with a chime and a digital indicator.

The clock is finished externally as a desk-type model in a wooden polished case. The front panel is enameled. For a more convenient reading the clock is tilted. The clock consists of functional units on printed circuits which are coupled electrically by means of connectors. The controls are located on the front and back panels and provided with appropriate inscriptions.

The principle of its operation consists of obtaining highly-stable pulses with a repetition period of 60 sec by dividing the crystal oscillator's frequency. At the desired time which is set by means of switches, a low-frequency amplifier is connected automatically and the clock plays an extract from the melody of the song "Moscow Nights."

The same switches are used for setting the initial reading of the clock from the precise time signals transmitted by radio.

The clock comprises the following functional units and elements: the master crystal oscillator intended for transmitting pulses with a highly-stable repetition period equal to 30 μsec; the frequency dividing unit intended for providing pulses with a period of 60 see; an automatic unit which controls the operation of the chimes and the setting of the initial time; a counting unit ......